Gender politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gender politics - Essay Example Early societies used to value and respect physical strength only because it was the characteristics that were necessary for them to survive. Thus the early warrior society underscored physical strength where brawn mattered because it was perceived to be necessary for survival. This emphasis on physical superiority relegated women to domesticated duties that made her look weak and inferior. They were boxed and stereotype as mothers and wives whose use was only limited to attending the home, taking care of children and husbands and not making any significant impact in society. The advent of universal education and along with it is the maturing society has changed this perception and attitude towards women albeit slower. When schools and universities were opened to women, it was found that they are as capable as men. They have also proven that they are more than capable to handle responsibilities beyond the confined of their homes. Slowly, the perception about women transformed especial ly when society no longer put so much emphasis on brawn and physical strength to survive and prosper. And while many women today may still prefer the comfort of their homes, they now have the option to pursue professional endeavors outside of their homes. Today, women can be found in almost any endeavor contributing and making significant impact in our society just like men. ... Had this been the old age, it would have been tantamount to having women as warriors, leaders, artisans and entrepreneurs which used to be unthinkable. Women’s positions in their respective endeavors were not merely given for the sake of accommodation. Women occupy what they are doing now because it had been proven that they could be as effective as men and they can contribute significantly as much as men could do. The proof can be seen in the list of the world’s most powerful people where Angela Merkel, the Chancellor of Germany and considered as the most powerful person in EU is placed at number five (Forbes, 2013). Her case is not isolated. There are other women who also occupied positions of power who are making significant impact not only in their respective countries but also in the world. Amongst are Dilma Rouseff who is now the President of Brazil and Geun-hye Park the President of South Korea. In business and technology, one of the most prominent technology mak er IBM also has a woman as its Chief Executive Officer in the person of Virginia Rometty. The list can go on and this extends to other endeavors as well. The maturing society has discovered that women have distinct strength that is not apparent to men. Old societies found them to be weak but with proper understanding, they were after all as strong as men. For example, women’s predisposition to be emotional was used to perceived as a weakness that they could not be trusted to a position of responsibility because their being â€Å"emotional† would make them easily panic. Experience and study found this not to be true. This higher emotional sensibility is in fact a strength especially in 20th century where people needs

Translating children's books Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Translating children's books - Essay Example Consisting of four main parts, the first, analyses the translation of children's literature. The second, language aspects will be shown. The third, discusses translation strategy. Following this, the conclusion will summarize the key points in the essay. Translation is simply transformation, a form of adaptation trying to fit a new metaphor with the original (Biquenet & Schulte 1989: 2). Translation is understood as a semantic or linguistic concept. It is seen as part of a transfer mechanism - the process by which textual models of one system are transferred to another. In the process, certain results are produced within the target system, which relate in various and complex ways to products of the source system. The final product from translation is the result of the relationship between a source system and a target system, a relationship that is itself determined by a certain hierarchy of semantic constraints. While viewing translation as part of a transfer process, it must be noted that it is not just translations of texts from one language to another, but also the translations of texts from one system to another - for example, translations from the adult system into the children's. Also children's literature should be understood as belonging to the polysystem of entire literature which consists of both adult and children's literature; hence the transfer from one system to another becomes more crucial (Shavit 1986). The behaviour of translating children's literature is determined by the position of children's literature within the literary polysystem. In transferring the text from the English to Japanese we must consider overall constraints and also innovations in language. Historically language has always evolved throughout the centuries no matter what language we discuss. Many languages borrow words and phrases from other languages. English is especially guilty of this phenomenon. Thus old words, no longer in use, are replaced by newer more contemporary ones. For example classic texts such as Robinson Crusoe and Gulliver's Travels, use old style English language and phraseology which were appropriate in their time. In translation, much has to do with the translators overall motives and methods he or she may employ. Whether to faithfully reproduce the original text to the target using similar phraseology to the original, or adapt the original text by using modern semantic in the target language is a decision the translator needs to make. There is one major problem when translating for children over translating for adults. Like other translations, it is anonymous. But while literature written for children is acknowledged, the translation part of it is not acknowledged. Children's translators are not seen as people possessing their own childhood experiences and child images which they are unable to escape from. Child image is a complex issue based on each individual's personal history and also something that is common in